Considered both the protector of pharaohs and the patron of physicians, Sekhmet was one of the most terrifying and revered Egyptian gods.
ChrisGoldNY / FlickrA sculpture of Sekhmet at the Egyptian Museum of Turin , Italy .
With the head word of a Panthera leo , the consistence of a woman , and near indocile blood lust , Sekhmet stands out as one of ancient Egypt ’s most fearful and august goddess .
Associated with the sun god Ra , and with root date back nearly 5,000 twelvemonth , she protected pharaohs , brought plague , and healed the sick . Ancient Egyptians both dread and worshipped her for her vast baron .
ChrisGoldNY / FlickrA sculpture of Sekhmet at the Egyptian Museum of Turin, Italy.
They made blood sacrifices , and celebrated her history at rowdy “ inebriation ” festivals to mollify her anger . Meanwhile Sekhmet ’s depictions in art and sculpture made her one of the most enduring bod in Egyptian mythology .
This is her sanguinary tale .
The ‘Destruction Of Mankind’: Inside The Myth Of Sekhmet
The myth of Sekhmet dates back to Egypt ’s Old Kingdom . One of the former credit to her can be found in the mortuary temple of Nyuserre Ini , an ancient Egyptian king who ruled in the 25th century B.C.E. As the centuries exceed , she became one of the most terrifyingancient Egyptiangods .
Hemis / Alamy Stock PhotoSekhmet ( center ) at the Egyptian Museum in Cairo , Egypt .
render as a lion - head up woman holding a sun disk , Sekhmet is allege to be the girl of the Sunday god Ra . As the legend goes , Ra created Sekhmet from the fire of his eye — and ordered her to punish disobedient and disrespectful human worshipper . ( In other version of the legend , Sekhmet is a fiercer and more vengeful version of the goddess Hathor , though the goddess became more distinct from each other over clip . )
Hemis / Alamy Stock PhotoSekhmet (center) at the Egyptian Museum in Cairo, Egypt.
According to a story called “ The Destruction of Mankind ” written on a funerary paper plant between 1539 and 1292 B.C.E. , Sekhmet — mention to as “ The Eye ” — eagerly pay off to bring . She slaughtered those who had been disloyal to Ra , leave a moving ridge of destruction in her wake .
“ The desert was dye red with the human blood line , while the Eye was pursuing traitors and kill them one by one , ” the ancient text reads . “ [ The Eye ] did n’t bar until the sand were covered with bodies . ”
But once Sekhmet started killing , she did n’t desire to stop over . She started butcher everyone in her path , and ignored her Fatherhood ’s club to discontinue . Her bloodlust was too great . “ [ H]is Eye had tasted human flesh and she wish it , ” “ The Destruction of Mankind ” states . “ She decide to kill again . ”
Prisma by Dukas Presseagentur GmbH / Alamy Stock PhotoA painting of Sekhmet, with a sun disk over her head, alongside her consort Ptah.
Prisma by Dukas Presseagentur GmbH / Alamy Stock PhotoA painting of Sekhmet , with a Dominicus disk over her head , alongside her consort Ptah .
To halt Sekhmet ’s sovereignty of destruction , Ra resolve to get Sekhmet intoxicated . He mixed beer with red ochre and poured it into the Nile ( or a lake , in some versions of the news report ) . Sekhmet believe that the ruddy water supply was blood , so she greedily booze it up — and became too drunk to keep kill . By the meter she recovered , Sekhmet no longer desired to destruct mankind .
That said , she stay on a powerful and frightening Egyptian god .
Institute for the Study of the Ancient World / FlickrA relief of Gods Amun Min and Sekhmet with the Roman emperor Domitian as pharaoh at the main gate of Deir el-Haggar.
Sekhmet, The Goddess Of War And Healing
Institute for the Study of the Ancient World / FlickrA stand-in of Gods Amun Min and Sekhmet with the Roman emperor Domitian as pharaoh at the main gate of Deir el - Haggar .
Because of Sekhmet ’s bloody descent story , she is relate to as “ The Mistress of Dread , ” “ The Lady of Slaughter , ” “ She Before Whom Evil Trembles , ” and “ The Mauler , ” in some ancient Egyptian texts . Indeed , even her name derives from the adjectivesekhem , which means “ potent ” or “ mighty . ”
Considered to be the goddess of disease , pandemonium , and state of war , Sekhmet was also often considered as the protector of Pharaoh of Egypt . Rulers like Ramesses II wear upon her image , and their soldiers hoisted banners with Sekhmet ’s likeness . After a victory , they would give a celebration in her honour . And though Sekhmet is associate with the feast of disease , she ’s also associate to therapeutic — which is why she ’s view a patron of physicians .
Rehan / FlickrSculptures of Sekhmet at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York.
Indeed , pharaohs seemed to take account both Sekhmet ’s ability to struggle in war and her power over medicine and healing . Archaeologists have uncovered several depictions of Sekhmet nursing Pharaoh , such as Seti I and Taharqo , and Amenhotep III put hundreds of statues of her in his funerary synagogue , which were think of to protect him in the afterlife .
Rehan / FlickrSculptures of Sekhmet at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York .
Sekhmet was important in other ways as well , and one of the most important myth surrounding Sekhmet was that of her marriage . The goddess was believe to be the wife of Ptah , the god of craftsmanship and architect . Together , the couple had a son , Nefertum . These three beings create the Memphite Triad which represented the main aspects of life : creation , regeneration , and destruction . Ancient Egyptians believe that this trinity was essential to maintain ma’at , or cosmic social club .
Public DomainAncient Egyptian depiction of a party, similar to the one held at the Festival of Drunkenness, in the Tomb of Nebamun.
Because of this , Sekhmet was an important Egyptian goddess . And ancient Egyptians worship her as such .
Statues, Blood Sacrifice, And The Festival Of Intoxication
Public DomainAncient Egyptian limning of a party , standardized to the one throw at the Festival of Drunkenness , in the Tomb of Nebamun .
Ancient Egyptians worship Sekhmet in a motley of dissimilar slipway . One way was whispering prayer to mummified cats . Another was by building statues : almost 1,000 Sekhmet carving were create during the sovereignty of Amenhotep III in the 14th century B.C.E. alone , and many of her sculpture were transported throughout Egypt , Thebes , and parts of Africa . For worshippers , the carving were berth you could provide offerings in the hope of securing Sekhmet ’s favor , healing , and mercy .
But another way to worship Sekhmet through blood sacrifice .
Maia C / FlickrStatues of Sekhmet at the Toledo Museum of Art in Ohio.
In areas where Sekhmet ’s cult was popular , like in the region of Luxor , Memphis , Letopolis , and the Delta , citizenry would extend Sekhmet the blood of sacrificed animals . Sekhmet was a sanguinary goddess , and ancient Egyptians believed that blood forfeit could help calm her famous furor .
And , in a nod to “ The Destruction of Mankind , ” they also celebrated Sekhmet through an “ insobriety ” fete . During this one-year fete , ancient Egyptians — possibly tens of thousands of them — would have gathered to drink beer dye bolshy with pomegranate succus . This was meant to mimic how Ra had tricked Sekhmet by dye beer with red ochre — thus saving humanity .
Maia C / FlickrStatues of Sekhmet at the Toledo Museum of Art in Ohio .
While Sekhmet is no longer worshipped to the degree she was in ancient Egypt , her influence can still be seen across the world . As one of the most represented divinity in the Egyptian pantheon , her semblance has come out in museums and education institutions from Ohio to Italy .
Unfortunately , many of the Sekhmet sculptures have been vandalise . accord to theAmerican Research Center in Egypt(ARCE ) , many statue were damage in ancientness . Then , they were seen as “ magical ” and their defacers would have lash out them as a way of removing their power .
But though uncounted statue of Sekhmet were destroyed — indeed , the ARCE notes that it ’s rarefied to find an undamaged Sekhmet statue — the legacy of this fearsome Egyptian goddess stay hefty . For centuries , she was one of the most feared and revered Egyptian deities . And the story of how Sekhmet almost destroy man is chilling to this day .
After read the dread level of the Egyptian goddess Sekhmet , dive into12 gods and goddessesof Grecian mythology . Then , read abouteight Norse godswith gaga background stories .
